Big Data For The Us American Film Industry - 1226 Words

Before the advent of the Internet and social media, Hollywood executives were often wandering in the dark when it came to understand in detail what their audiences wanted and how any given film could be marketed to exactly the right audience, thus those parts of the population more inclined to spend money on a certain type of film. With the advancement of technology the tables have, however, turned. The Internet and especially social media have opened up a wealth of options to access information about people’s preferences and interests, often in real-time. As with other industries this treasure trove of ‘big data’ is of great interest to Hollywood (Hadida, 2009), it’s analysis promising to resolve problems that have long been lying at†¦show more content†¦Examples include, for instance, large sets of Twitter messages or data extracted from Wikipedia. In their definition, boyd and Crawford (2012) further include the capacity to ‘to search, agg regate, and cross-reference large data sets’, further noting that big data, besides from its technical aspects, entails a cultural ideology, circulating around the notion that the accumulation and analysis of large datasets offers a new form of a more truthful, accurate and objective knowledge of the world (2012: 663). No less contested than the term big data is the question of what is meant by ‘Hollywood.’ For the sake of this essay, the term ‘Hollywood’ serves as a metonymy for the American motion-pictures industry. As Scott (2005) notes, Hollywood as a term has come to stand in for ‘the largest and most influential cultural-products agglomeration in the modern world’, though it is by far not the only one (2005: 10).1 Yet, Hollywood has become the centre of the international film industry. Thanks to a strong pre-existing cluster and agglomeration effects that reinforce its position, the United States role as one of the largest film mar kets, the ability to create products that appeal to both a domestic and internationalShow MoreRelatedSociological Imagination Shapes Sociology1675 Words   |  7 Pagesthe known facts. The role of data is also important in sociology. Without data, sociologists are unable to back up their theories easily. Data and good data helps with proving whether or not something happened. Data is like facts. It would be comparable to someone being convicted of a crime. If the person is going to be found guilty, the prosecutor is going to need quality data to prove the person is guilty. Same is true with sociologists. If they don’t have quality data, then it would be very difficultRead MoreMethodology And Methods Of Quantitative Research1627 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 3 3.Methodology 3.1Introduction The methodology’s aim is to give an outlined loom of how to extract and collects the grouped primary research data by way of responding to the research topic in the most appropriate manner. Notions and philosophies that emphasize the right procedures are taken into account in the way of effecting judicious methodology. The methodology area identifies, clarifies and explains the approaches that will be taken to lead primary research and confirms any misunderstandingRead MoreThe Years Annual Earnings1245 Words   |  5 Pagesto a close, I am pleased to announce this year s annual earnings. After another amazing year, Edge of Your Seat Entertainment reported a 9% gain in its film production segment. This increase was attributed to our expanding relationship in association with Focus Films, Lions Gate and After Dark Films in the launching of our latest blockbuster film Don t Turn off the Light!† Theatrical revenue generated from its October release grossed $36 Million domes tically in its first 6 week run. This was alsoRead MoreDebate of Globalization Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization affects national sovereignty of both developing countries as well as developed countries. By sovereignty, we mean the independence of countries to make decisions and conduct policy in different areas like the economy, corporate and industry related legislation, environmental regulations, politics, etc. From the video, please provide one example each of how globalization infringes on the national sovereignty of, a) a developing country, and, b) a developed country? How, and through whichRead MoreWhat Is The Post War Era Of Cars1319 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"the 1960s saw the American automobile industry consolidating into the Big Three: General Motors, Ford, and chrysler. These firms not only dominated the domestic market with the sales of the 1960s cars, but the global market as well.† (An account on 1960;s car development). Once the war ended the amer ican market split into the big three which at the time were GM, AMC, and Ford. All three had smaller sub companies that also provided a steady source of income. The dominated the US market and the JapaneseRead MoreThe Impact Of Television On The Television Industry1222 Words   |  5 PagesIn the past, the television industry has always been looked down upon as compared to the film industry, but the landscape has changed. Television is now a main staple in the entertainment business. With the recent addition of Netflix and so-called â€Å"better content† on TV, the television industry is in a flux. For the first time, Nielsen does not have control over all television programming. In addition, because of all the changes and question marks surrounding the industry because of companies likeRead MoreToo Big to Fail: The 2008 World Financial Crisis and Its Aftermath1779 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Too big to fail: The 2008 world financial crisis and its aftermath The 2008 world financial crisis begin the banking and housing sector, but spread like a contagion through the entire economy. Many date the beginnings of the problems far back before 2008, back to the historically low interest rates put into place by the Federal Reserve in the wake of the last financial crisis. Interest rates plummeted after the dot.com boom and bust, followed by the attacks on the World Trade Center. ThisRead MoreTechnology s Impact On Food1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe film has received great reviews. Koons is recognized for the great film structure and for the information she shares with the audience. 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The founders of Sony, then calledRead MoreEssay on Mass Com/340941 Words   |  4 Pageswell reasoned arguments c. can be negative or positive d. all of the above 2. Three reasons American media products dominate the global scene are a. diversity, the English language, and synergy b. freedom of expression, diversity, and big business c. freedom of expression, the English language, and censorship d. freedom of expression, horizontal integration, and big business 3. The American media and government are interrelated in three ways: a. Regulation, censorship, and elections

Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act Essay

The first feature is that the website provides detailed information regarding the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA). Rebecca, T. (n.d) states that COBRA was, â€Å"†¦established by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, to help workers who lose their jobs maintain their employer-sponsored health insurance.† This section of the website is broken down into sections for employees, employers, posters and flyers, videos, and general information The second feature is that it also provides consumer information on health plans from the department’s Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA). The Employee Benefits Security Administration is the agency that enforces the rules of the Title of the Employee Retirement Income†¦show more content†¦The laws discussed in this section are the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA) and Mental Health Parity Act (MHPA), Newborns and Mothers Health Protection Act (Newborns Act), Womens Health and Cancer Rights Act (WHCRA), Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA), and Michelles Law. The second way is for employers to utilize the health benefits laws self-compliance tools. There are two major sections listed under this link, HIPPA and other health care-related provisions and the affordable care act provisions. Employers can be used to compare the provisions of their plan to ensure they are compliant with HIPPA, affordable care act, and other health care-related provisions. The third way is for employers to utilize the reporting/disclosure guide for employee benefit plans. This is a reference tool that employers can utilize for reporting and disclosure provisions under ERISA. The fourth way is for employers to utilize the understanding your fiduciary responsibilities under a group health plan which provides a summary of the rudimentary fiduciary responsibilities pertaining to health plans that fall under the ERISA mandates. Employee Rights The succeeding paragraphs explain how employees can use this website to verify that their employee benefitsShow MoreRelatedHealthcare Is Necessary For Health Care2358 Words   |  10 Pagesof employment. Under the Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA), the possibility of keeping health coverage even after a job loss is likely given that a specific type of event has occurred. What is COBRA? Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act is a law that was enacted in 1986 that allowed employees to keep their health coverage when they are terminated from their place of employment (Ross, Hayes). Job loss at that time was frequent and this act allowed workers to keep theirRead MorePatient Dumping977 Words   |  4 PagesTreatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) by Congress in remedy to its torts, patient dumping still appear to be an issue in our society today. In fact, patient dumping occurs when hospitals deny treatment to emergency patients -- often because those patients cant pay. As Patient dumping is the practice of refusing to treat patients who cannot pay for healthcare services. Federal anti-dumping law, initiated by Congress as part of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, was designedRead MoreNavigating DOL Health Benefits Website1147 Words   |  5 PagesWebsite The succeeding paragraphs will describe the major features of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) website at http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/cobra.htm. The first feature of this website is a short explanation of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Act (COBRA). This explanation includes defining who is eligible and provides a general idea of the cost for continuing health benefits coverage. In addition, the explanation provides a brief explanation of the employer responsibilities underRead MoreAnalysis Of The Department Of Labor1754 Words   |  8 Pagesproperly complying with all regulations. There are several different resources that act as an advisor to make sure you are properly administering and monitoring the benefits your employees have rights to. One example that can be helpful to employers is the FMLA advisor. This advisor will help guide you as an employer to makes sure you understand your rights and responsibilities under Federal law to comply with this act. It helps identify who is eligible, what benefits employees are entitled to, andRead MoreWgu Task 1 Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pagesrecovery. Although it was not addressed in the scenario Mrs. Zwick may need to continue taking antibiotics after discharge and the cost of that medication would not be covered by Medicare. C. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) allows workers and their beneficiaries who lose their health coverage to remain insured for a limited amount of time after the loss of coverage (Health Plans amp; Benefits - ContinuationRead MoreMedicare and Medicaid Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesVietnam War, 1999). Also included in this Amendment is the encouragement of the use of Health Maintenance Organizations, President Nixon’s administration caught in the scandal of Watergate and pending hearings appeased the left and proposed the HMO Act, which Congress passed in 1973 (Phillips, 2003). Conte Karr (2001) report the economic growth of the 1980’s in the United States sees President Regan cutting taxes and slashing social programs. President Reagan also reduced or eliminated governmentRead MoreStudy Plan1916 Words   |  8 Pages39 1. What are the Sherman and Clayton Antitrust Acts? 2. Describe the key provisions of the Sherman and Clayton Antitrust Acts 3. Describe the variety of aggressive business actions that are illegal as violations of antitrust regulations. 40 1. What is the role of the Federal Trade Commission? 2. Describe prohibited sales activities under the FTC Act? 3. How is consumer credit regulated? 4. What is the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act? 5. What government regulations apply to consumerRead MoreEmtala721 Words   |  3 PagesBackground EMTALA is the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act that was developed in 1985 as part of the Title IX of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act that went into effect in the year 1986 (Sara Rosenbaum, 2012). EMTALA was developed after an article was published in 1986 that documented how Cook County Hospital in Chicago was receiving patients that were â€Å"dumped† there that were unemployed, minorities, and lacked health insurance (Singer, 2014). This problem also occurredRead MoreFederal Worker Adjustment : An Analysis Of The Warn Act757 Words   |  4 Pagesprogress they are making (Quast, 2014). The regulatory guideline states that if there would be more than 50 employees that were being laid off all at the same time, the Federal Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act has to be performed. Under the WARN Act, it â€Å"protects workers, their families, and communities by requiring employers to provide notification 60 calendar days in adv ance of plant closings and mass layoffs†(United States Department of Labor, 2009). If the organizationRead MoreHealthcare Economics and Timeline695 Words   |  3 Pagesfirst to introduce the idea of health insurance and called or all Americans to have universal healthcare. During the Great Depression the Social Security Act was signed which provided states with the funds to build health departments and it established benefits the elderly. During the 1940 President Truman signs the Hospital Survey and Construction Act which allowed the states to access Federal grants to help pay for the maintenance and construction of public health centers. The agreement was that all

Harper Lee’s Influence on Scout Free Essays

Harper Lee grew up in Monroeville, Alabama where girls were expected to be ladies, Harper Lee was just the opposite, a tomboy, and she wrote her famous novel â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† based upon her childhood experiences. Harper Lee made her main character Scout to be very similar to her. Harper Lee created the town of Maycomb with features almost exactly like Monroeville. We will write a custom essay sample on Harper Lee’s Influence on Scout or any similar topic only for you Order Now Harper Lee based Scout’s father Atticus after her own father Amasa Coleman Lee. Harper Lee based her book â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† about her own childhood because she thought an author should write what he knows. Harper Lee was a strong early reader and similarly so was Scout. â€Å"As a child, Harper Lee was an avid reader, similar to Scout’s own ability to read before starting school. † (To Kill a Mockingbird). Another thing that both Scout and Harper Lee had in common was they were both tom boy rule breakers. â€Å"As a child, Harper Lee was an unruly tomboy. She fought on the playground. She talked back to teachers. She was bored with school and resisted any sort of conformity† (The Big Read). Just the same Scout fought with Cecil and Francis. Both Harper Lee and Scout live in a town’s that are very representative of each other. The town of Maycomb is very much so based upon Lee’s home town of Monroeville. â€Å"The town of Maycomb is modeled after Lee’s own home town. The schoolyard in the novel is the same one Lee played in as a child. And the Maycomb courtroom is the Monroeville courtroom down to the last detail. She patterned her characters’ speech after the Southern dialect she grew up with. She also looked to the citizens of Monroeville when setting up her cast of characters. (Reading about race and membership in America). The childhood best friends Dill and Truman were the neighbors of Scout and Harper Lee. Harper Lee’s good friend and neighbor growing up was a boy named Truman Capote whom Lee based Dill, the best friend and neighbor of Scout. â€Å"Dill, for example, is patterned after one of her childhood friends, Truman Capote† (Reading about race and membership in Ameri ca). Another character Lee based off of her childhood was her father, creating Atticus Finch. The character Atticus Finch is a representation of Harper Lee’s father Amasa Coleman Lee. Both men were lawyers who represented black men, and lost their cases unfairly due to race. Harper Lee’s father represented two men accused of murder, he lost the case and both clients were killed. â€Å"He once defended two black men accused of murdering a white storekeeper. Both clients, a father and son, were hanged. † (The Big Read). Harper Lee based her novel around her life, there are many similarities found within her book that are directly related to her life. Upon the thoughts that an author should base his writings upon what he know, Harper Lee based her novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† loosely around her childhood. Harper Lee created the character Scout with many features to resemble herself as a child. The town of Maycomb was created by Harper Lee as an almost exact replica of her hometown, Monroeville Alabama. Atticus Finch was created to resemble Harper Lee’s father Amasa Coleman Lee and the two have many similarities. Harper Lee only created this one book â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† she never expected to get this much attention for her works. How to cite Harper Lee’s Influence on Scout, Papers

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 free essay sample

The Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all people â€Å"born or naturalized in the United States,† and includes the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses. This amendment failed to explicitly prohibit vote discrimination on racial grounds Karim 2 In 1870 the 15th Amendment was ratified, which provided specifically that the right to vote shall not be denied or abridged on the basis of race, color or previous condition of servitude. This superseded state laws that had directly prohibited black voting. As a result, in the former Confederate States, where new black citizens in some cases comprised majorities of the eligible voting population, hundreds of thousands -maybe one million recently-freed slaves registered to vote. Black candidates began for the first time to be elected to state, local and federal offices and to play a meaningful role in their governments. The extension of the franchise to black citizens was strongly resisted. Among others, the Ku Klux Klan, the Knights of the White Camellia, and other terrorist organizations attempted to prevent the 15th Amendment from being enforced by violence and intimidation. Once whites regained control of the state by a process known as Redemption, they used gerrymandering of election districts to further reduce black voting strength and minimize the number of black elected officials. In the 1890s, these states began to amend their constitutions and to ratify a series of laws intended to re-establish and establish white political supremacy. â€Å"Such disfranchising laws included poll taxes, literacy tests, vouchers of good character, and disqualification for crimes of moral turpitude. These laws were color-blind on their face, but were designed to exclude black citizens disproportionately by allowing white election officials to apply the procedures Karim 3 selectively. † (Laney 11) Other laws and practices, such as the white primary, attempted to evade the 15th Amendment by allowing private political parties to conduct elections and establish qualifications for their members. As a result of these efforts, in the former Confederate states nearly all black citizens were disenfranchised and removed by 1910. The process of restoring the rights stolen by these tactics would take many decades. There were several tactics used to steal voting rights away from African Americans. Such of these were payments for poll taxes. Others were Black voters were go to vote and see that their name was erased from the list In every state there were accounts of different tactics to forbid voting. By 1965 rigorous efforts to break the grip of state disfranchisement had been under way for some time, but had achieved only modest success overall and in some areas had proved almost entirely incompetent. The murder of voting-rights activists in Philadelphia, Mississippi, gained national attention, along with numerous other acts of violence and terrorism. Finally, the unprovoked attack on March 7, 1965, by state troopers on peaceful marchers crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, route to the state capitol in Montgomery, persuaded the President and Congress to overcome Southern legislators resistance to effective voting rights legislation. The following year, President Lyndon Baines Johnson attempted to persuade Congress to pass his Voting Rights Act. This proposed legislation removed the right of Karim 4 states to impose restrictions on who could vote in elections. Johnson explained how: Every American citizen must have an equal right to vote. Yet the harsh fact is that in many places in this country men and women are kept from voting simply because they are Negroes. (Lyndon Johnson 1965) President Johnson issued a call for a strong voting rights law and hearings began soon thereafter on the bill that would become the Voting Rights Act. Congress concluded that existing federal anti-discrimination laws were ineffective were not sufficient enough to overcome the resistance to enforce the 15th amendment. Congress had found that case-by-case litigation was inadequate to combat wide-spread and persistent discrimination in voting, because of the inordinate amount of time and energy required to overcome the obstructionist tactics invariably encountered in these lawsuits. After enduring nearly a century of systematic resistance to the Fifteenth Amendment, Congress might well decide to shift the advantage of time and inertia from the perpetrators of the evil to its victims. † (South Carolina v. Katzenbach) President Johnson signed the resulting legislation into law on August 6, 1965 and it outlawed the requirement that voters in the United States take literacy tests to qualify to register to vote, and it provided for federal registration of voters in areas that had less than 50% of eligible minority voters registered. Although opposed by politicians from the Deep South, the Voting Rights Act was passed by large majorities in the House of Representatives (333 to 48) and the Senate (77 to 19). Karim 5 After years of rigorous treatment on African Americans, Civil liberties were all on their side now. Soon after passage of the Voting Rights Act, federal examiners were conducting voter registration, and black voter registration began a sharp increase. Congress had followed through on its job to give African Americans the rights guaranteed to them by the 14th and 15tamendment. Out of the two surveys taken, one in 1965 and one 1988, there showed a dramatic change in the gap between African American voters and white voters. In 1965 there was 50 percent voting rate difference while in 1988there a 6 percent voting rate difference. The long term effect of change had succeeded. Soon after the passing of this landmark act gradual change between black and white voting closed in and there was nearly an equal amount of voters of each race. This landmark act allowed the voices of million of black voters to be heard and was the single most effective bill passed during the civil rights movement and maybe even the entire century. By abolishing literacy tests and poll taxes that prohibited African Americans to vote, America was glued back from its broken pieces of racial hate. It was renewed again in 2006 and left its place in the historical civil rights movement.

Conflicting responsibilities

Cooper (2012) considers three conflicting responsibilities, (1) conflicts of authority, (2) role conflicts and (3) conflicts of interest. Conflicts of authority are based on the subordination of one person to several people (laws, rules) and in case one contradicts another one the conflict appears.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Conflicting responsibilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The most disappointing aspect is that there is no way out without negative consequences. A person who has appeared in this situation will be punished for nonperforming the task, either prescribed by the rule of given by one of the authorities. Authorities do not listen to the explanations why it is impossible to complete the task, they are usually more interested what is done for the task to be done. Role conflicts usually appear in the corporations with multiple levels of organizational structures. Cooper (2012) states that t here are situations when being subjected to one person an employee understands that he is also subordinate to another one whose authority is spread on his/her first boss. The fusion of roles is observed. On the one hand, an employee is to subject to both these people, however, having one and the same boss with another employee, this person feels some difficulties in understanding whether to subject to both of them or only to the one whose position is higher. Conflicts of interest comprise a number of particular cases which difficult to enumerate. Cooper does not offer one specific sample case, as he does while discussing those two conflicts as they are too numerous and cannot be covered by one situation. The main idea of the conflicts of interest is based on the conflict between personal and corporate interests. In most cases, this dilemma is connected with the ethical and moral rules of the company which may contradict to moral considerations of a person. Let’s take the conf lict of interest as the basis for consideration of the situation from a personal experience. The company has particular rules to follow. A company forbids delivering the information about the business it runs. The company employees are not allowed to tell anyone about the sphere of their business. However, at the same time, the company managers insist (still, without pressure) that the employees should invite their college friends and other people who have the same specialization for employment.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the one hand, an employee wants to invite some people for employment as the work is interesting and the salary is appropriate, however, a person faces the problem of the corporation rules, he/she is unable to tell a friend about the company, what it does and which responsibilities one is going to perform. Therefore, an ethical dilemma appears, whether t o ignore the requirement and do not offer a friend a good job position, or to violate the company rules and to tell a friend about company responsibilities. Cooper (2012) also believes that human drive for individualism is at the root of many of their ethical dilemmas and this is exactly the reason for conflicts. If people did not want to be equal, they would not behave in the way which creates the reasons for conflicts. Many conflicts in the company are based on the human personal beliefs. Thus, for example, the company may be directed in one particular religion with following all the rules of this religion. One person may have another religion and it creates a conflict. Reference List Cooper, T. L. (2012). The Responsible Administrator. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. This essay on Conflicting responsibilities was written and submitted by user Elle Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Use and Conjugate Plurals of German Nouns

How to Use and Conjugate Plurals of German Nouns In English, its simple: just add an -s or -es to form the plural of a noun. In German, however, it is a little more complex. Not only do you have to deal with changing everything that precedes a noun when you pluralize it, but now you are faced with at least five choices to change the noun into! But do not despair, you can either a) memorize the plural of a noun or b) follow the guidelines for the five main groups of plural formation, which we have listed below. We suggest you do both. In time and with a little practice, youll be able to get the natural feel for noun plural formation. The Different Plural Nouns The main groups of plural noun formation are as follows: Plural Nouns With -E Endings: Most German nouns that consist of one syllable will add -e to form plurals in all grammatical cases. EXCEPTION: in the dative -en is used. Some nouns will also have umlaut changes. Plural Nouns With -ER Endings: Nouns in this group add –er when plural (-ern in the dative case) and are always either masculine or neuter. There may be some umlaut changes. Plural Nouns With -N/EN Endings: These nouns add either –n or –en to form the plural in all four cases. They are mostly feminine and have no umlaut changes. Plural Nouns With -S Endings: Similar to English, these nouns add an –s in plural form. They are mostly of foreign origin and have therefore no umlaut changes. Plural Nouns With No End Changes: Nouns in this group do not change their word endings in the plural, except for in the dative case where -n is added. There might be some umlaut changes. Most nouns in this group are either neuter or masculine and usually contain one of the following endings: -chen, -lein, -el, -en or -er.

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

Case Study - Essay Example Following this we will list 5 specific strategies you would use to deal with this issue and discuss how office productivity by implementing this strategies. Malaysia is a conservative and predominately Muslim country in which patriarchy and deference to authority remain important priorities. From a cultural perspective, Farah may be resistant to say something from her supervisor due to the fact that male touching is inappropriate in her context. Thus, in Malaysia it would be highly inappropriate for a male supervisor to touch a female colleague and in Farah’s case this is what she is experiencing. Farah is also a Muslim which makes the inter-sexual mingling even more taboo. Because her society is conservatively minded, this is the third reason which may account for Farah’s resistance to her boss’ comments and unwanted attention. Due to the fact that Malaysian society is patriarchal, Farah, as a woman, may feel uncomfortable approaching her male supervisor and telling him that his behavior is unwarranted. Finally, because Malaysian society is conservative and hierarchal in nature, Farah will not feel as though she ca n approach her supervisor and let him know that she does not appreciate his behavior. As a woman coming from a society in which male to female touching is not appropriate in a business context, Farah may thus feel uncomfortable discussing her problems with her supervisor. What are the important strategies which can be used to deal with issues surrounding intercultural miscommunication in an office setting? There are a variety of measures which can be undertaken in order to mitigate the fallout from Farah’s unwanted touching by a male supervisor. First and foremost this involves speaking with the supervisor directly and letting him know that touching female colleagues, no matter how friendly, can be

INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW - Essay Example p570) . A letter of credit instrument is generally issued by a bank against two types of bills, they are demand bills and usance bills (Massood, A. 2008).To decrease the credit risk to sellers in both domestic as well as foreign trade practice is the most important purpose of letter of credit.. When a bank issues a letter of credit in favor of a customer, it surrogates its creditworthiness for that customer (Borcky. R. 1999). There are two types of letter of credit; they are standby letter of credit and documentary letter of credit. Documentary letter of credits can again be categorized into revocable and irrevocable. The revocable letter of credit is particularly rare in usage. Irrevocable letter of credit can be confirmed or unconfirmed letter of credit. Every type of letter of credits has its advantages as well as its disadvantages for the buyers and sellers. The charges of each type of letter of credit may vary according to its characteristics. The more the bank assures payment, higher will be the charges of it (Borcky. R. 1999). Without an agreement between the concerned parties, an irrevocable letter of credit cannot be cancelled before a particular date. A revocable letter of credit can be changed anytime without previous discussions by the bank which issues it. A confirmed letter of credit includes backing by the issuing bank and its correspondents promising payments of all drafts. At the same time an unconfirmed letter of credit will not have any guarantee that the bank will make payments on drafts in case of non payment from the buyer. A stand by letter of credit is a conditional obligation by the issuing bank that it will make payment to the chosen beneficiary if the banks client fails to execute as per the terms of the contract (Letter of credit. 2009). Letters of credit are more or less separate transactions. They are totally different from bank guarantees. The

Samsung as a new IT leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Samsung as a new IT leader - Essay Example This paper concerns the marketing as a business strategy by which a manufacturer or producer of any goods or services shifts from the basic production function and takes into concern the needs and requirements of the customers-to-be. In this case, a manufacturer aims at discovering what customers’ interests in a rival product are and then attempt convince them that their product is better than the rivals’. The marketing department sells the product to the customer in such a way that the customer feels they have gained from the bargain more utility than they have paid for. Concisely, the main work of the marketing department of any institution can be summarized as to identify, satisfy and retain customers. Oversaturation of markets with similar goods from different manufacturers is among the many factors that resulted in development of marketing strategies. Therefore, a distinction between products by different manufacturers must be made to ensure that a customer knows t he product they are choosing well before making judgment. In addition, a manufacturer should know the trends, tastes and preferences of customers as they change with the times. This means that if technologically savvy people are shifting towards the use of smaller but feature packed gadgets, then the manufacturer should either adapt or produce the ideal gadget for consumers. Conversely, the manufacturer can try various available advertising methods to convince customers as to why their gadget is much better than their gadget of choice. Therefore, in order to achieve its objectives and remain competitive, a firm should be capable of anticipating and satisfying customer needs better than competitors (Armstrong, Harker, Kotler and Brennan 2009, p.7). Market and Literature Review Apple versus Samsung Brand There are two main differences between the two brands, market perception and pricing. Customers assume that products that tend to be for the high-end market are of higher quality. On the other hand, consumers in a market could be concerned by the number of features available in a product. Therefore, before venturing into the Chinese market, it is necessary to know the consumer perspectives about products from both companies in order to determine the measures that the firm should take to ensure competitive and profitable sale of Samsung products (Mankiw 2009, p. 290; Joshi 2005). The major concern for a consumer in the Chinese market is the authenticity of electronics since traders have

Generation Gaps in Culture

Generation Gaps in Culture Literature Review 2.1.Introduction This chapter deals with the main theme which is ‘the Generation Gap’ and also analyses the general notion of Generation Gap. It will discover the causes of Generation Gap as well as revealing the analysis of the causes and the effects on the society in general. 2.2The concept of Generation Gap ‘Generation Gap’ is a term generally used to define the differences in culture, thought and behaviour between younger generations and their elders. It can be also described as the changes taking place when older and younger people are unable to comprehend each other because of their different experiences, attitudes, lifestyles and activities. A generation is â€Å"a select group born during the same years that experienced momentous events during significant development cycles† (Kupperschmidt, 2000). â€Å"Generation gap† was heavily researched in the 1960s and 1970s (Smith, 2000). With the ongoing process of life, there will always be new generations. As society continues to progress and new technological innovations develop, a generation gap will continuously be predominant. The old are completely convinced that the ideas they have had throughout their lives are the ultimate and ideal. They disregard certain vital issues that are no longer valid in the case of modernity’’ (Neff, 2011). The changes that occur as society evolves will never allow for complete agreement between generations. The Generation Gap is one of the perhaps most debatable issues of the era (Aliampi, 1969). A generation is based on the range of birth years of a group of people. Generations may span several centuries from the time when people are individuals. Not all members of a generation demonstrate the same personalities. Generation differences were apparent in societal movements or changes (Brunswick, 1970). Generation gaps are unavoidable occurrences that take place in society. These changes in society arise because people become accustomed to an unstable environment. As our society progresses, people tends to change their likes and dislikes. These changes in society are important for development. 2.3History of the Generation Gap Even though there has been changes between the generations all the time, until the twentieth century the drastic transformations that the term implies were not greatly in evidence. Previously during that era, society was not considerably mobile. Normally, young people were living in extended families. They were either working on their personal farm or in a relative business. With the introduction of TV and shows, the youngsters were exposed to traditional impacts unfamiliar to their own relatives and values (Adcox, 2015). The 1920s presented the younger generation to jazz melody and disco galleries, consequently constructing a gap between them and their seniors. But the actual reason behind the widening of the generation gap lies in the 1950s (Baby Boomers) when the soldiers had just come back from wars and started having kin. The veteran was actually a little harsh in nature and disliked the young who were greatly influenced by the arrival of the rock way of life. The generation gap of the 1960s was because the older generation had severe values that the younger generation disagreed and they rebelled. Different diversions of pop culture were created, like Rock and Roll, Discos, and hippies. The following great gap was generated in 1980s that presented the MTV era (Pop, Rock, etc.) come from all parts covering the new generation completely different from their seniors. This gap begun widening enormously in the 1990s and now prolonged in leaps and bounds (The Generation Gap in India). 2.4Types of Generations 2.4.1Generation 1 (1900s – 1920s) The generation of the 1900s – 1920s had a life expectancy of 47 years. Families were outsized during that time and infant death was high. Around a fifth of women were losing their lives in childbirth. Delivery was done at home itself. They were doing teamwork, accepting the hierarchical chain of command and performing all the task without complaining (Codrington, 2008). Tradition and history guided their attitudes and beliefs. Individuals of this generation were â€Å"past oriented and history absorbed† (Zemke et al., 2000, p.39). This generation were loyal and patriotic (Smith, 2011). People of this generation were unlikely to make complaints regarding conditions in which they sense uncomfortable (Zemke et al., 2000). 2.4.2Silent Generation (1920s – 1945s) The Silent Generation valued family and patriotism. They had a parent remaining at home to look after the offspring, favoured dependability, and remained with one company over time (Allen, 2004). They were brought up in serious intervals when everybody were obliged to work. They were conventional and working hard as they hated getting into debts. They considered that by entire hard work, they could achieve success (Codrington, 2008). 2.4.3Baby Boomers (1946s – 1960s) Baby boomers have been identified as being good at relationships. They respected others rights and did not find mistakes on others (Rath, 1999 and Zemke et al., 2000). Baby Boomers â€Å"may not agree with stands and opinions of every part of the cohort group or exhibit the same behaviour in the same situations, but they do, in their hearts, understand one another† (Zemke et al., 2000, p.72). They are individuals who work to earn their living and willing to sacrifice to attain success (Kerstein, 2014). They like adventure and tend to take risks. They are the primary generation to realise lifetime unemployment no longer exist, so job security means nothing to them, but they consider job satisfaction. They are the first generation to divorce in a large extent and at a younger age than the prior generations (Soroptimist, 2010). 2.4.4Generation X (1960s – 1989s) The generation X raised up undergoing an era of crises. Generation x is often considered as the â€Å"lost or overlooked generation† (Ware et al., 2007, p.59). They were the first offspring in the olden times that mothers could take pills not to have. Throughout the turbulent era of the 1970s, majority of the generation X grew up (Smith, 2011). They work to have a life not live to work, they struggle to have balance in their lives. They are spiritual explorers who have faith in supernatural (Codrington, 2008). They are independent and are determined to be responsible and in control. They focus on their goals and solve problems (Soroptimist, 2010). 2.4.5Generation Y (1989s – 2000s) Generation Y are spoilt by computers and intense technological advances. One of the foremost features of this generation is their relaxation with technology and being good at it (Kersten, 2002 and Niemiec, 2000). They are the first generation to grow up with internet and they are dependent on technology (Soroptimist, 2010). They are born with a micro-chip in the mouth instead of a golden or silver spoon. This generation considers that because of technology, task can be done everywhere (Smith, 2011). They are self-confident and egotistical as well (Codrington, 2008). A majority of generation Y were familiar with â€Å"divorce, drugs, sex, AIDS, gangs and guns† (Zemke et. al., 2000, p.136). This generation committed to work in group for development and this has also been an indicative of their workplace conducts (Zemke et al., 2000). 2.5.The Notion of Generation Gap Generation gap has been considered as an unavoidable obstacle for the communications between the young and the old ones. These conflicts are normally arise as a result of urbanization, industrial development and family mobility (Bengtson and Achenbaum, 1993). The physical separation of the youngsters and the elders has led to a lack of consistent intergenerational connection and a rise in misperceptions and misunderstanding between the young and old generation (Newman, 1997). Becker (2000) stated that â€Å"distinct generations emerge as a result of the effects of discontinuous macro-social change on individual behaviour during the formative period of the life course. As soon as a new generation has developed, the development of its members before and after the formative period can be studied together with research on institutions related to the new generation† (p. 117). Mead (1970) stressed on the fact that, â€Å"Adults today know more about change than any previous generations. So we are set apart both from earlier generations and from the young who have rejected the past and all that their elders are making of the present† (p. 79). Gutman (1985) contended that in the modern society â€Å"the present younger generation had been socialized into believing that ‘young is beautiful, old is ugly’ in retaliation to if ‘the young knew and the old could’ (Jefferys 1997, p. 82). Chow (2001) pointed that youngsters care and give attention to their parents as well as accepting and obeying their preferences in the form of showing respect them. He also suggested that, â€Å"children nowadays are not as keen to consult their parents as in the past† in both side on marriage and job seeking. The social circumstance have evolved in such a way that they have often made the guidance of parents irrelevant and in appropriate (Chow, 2001). Children failed in fulfilling parents hopes on obedience when making their lifetime choices. Thus, this is one of the key issues in the reoccurrence of the ‘generation gap’. 2.6.The Causes of Generation Gap Generation gap has developed in society presently from numerous factors such as technological innovations, fashion, the evolution of the media, gifts, communication, attitudes, and sex. These aspects cause people to change in different ways that changes human opinion of what is right and generally acceptable, or to make a distinction between good and bad. These factors may cause discrepancies between generations, but they overall lead to positive development in society. 2.6.1Technological innovation At an early age, the younger generation starts making the use of technology and they never overwhelmed by it (Kelty, 2000). As the youth have grown up with technology and developed flexible skill, they are now considered as ‘digital natives’ (Courtois et al., 2009). The younger generation ‘know what to do’ with different updated technologies as they make the use of them more often with the pre-existing technology (Facer et al., 2001). Older generation find it difficult to learn how to use technology unlike the younger generation (Kelty, 2000). They have the feeling of sore when there are advancement in technology. Throughout the previous three eras, the degree and speed of technological advancement has brought new interest in generational differences (Clark. 2009 and Livingstone, 2003). 2.6.2.Television One of the most important creations that has influenced the younger generation is the Television. Nowadays, television is superb compared to the television that the older generation. The television that the older generation remembers is dissimilar, it contained fewer channels and were available mostly in black and white and it was much smaller (Neff, 2011). Because of these changes, a big generation gap has developed concerning entertainment and the ethics resulted from it. Televisions turned to be more predominant in children’s bedrooms (Jordan et al., 2010). Video game strategies are no more restricted to comforts that assign to televisions as it was long ago, however they are now accessible in the form of handheld devices as cellular phones (Vaterlaus, 2012). The multi-uses of television have widen the gap between the generations. The T.V remote control has become too complex for the old person who used to on/off button. The old may not necessarily be uneducated but they ar e not a tech-savvy as their children and grand-children. The same goes for the other gadgets such as video games, smart phones, iPad and iPhone. 2.6.3.Internet The Internet has had the major influence of widening the generation gap. It is the foremost persuasive technological innovation in the world nowadays with its multiple uses (Neff, 2011). The technology used to reach the internet has also advanced. The private desktop computer transformed into the laptops, and tablets. The internet can be currently reached on strategies as small as iPods and cell phones anytime and anywhere. Cell phones that permit internet access are referred to as â€Å"Smartphones† (Vaterlaus, 2012). A technology revolution has been produced by the internet in the younger generation. Internet is used by the younger generation every day and it also permit children to develop a sense of freedom. These changes in ethics have been prominent as main differences between generations (Neff, 2011). Consequently, these technological inventions lead to a rise in the width of the generation gap in the world nowadays. The internet is currently used â€Å"to play video games, view movies, watch television shows, and download music† (Jones, 2009). Juveniles who make use of the internet are no more restricted to view media, however they may communicate informally with others across the globe (Courtois, Mechant, De Marez and Verleye, 2009). Email, social-networking, chat rooms, and video chat permit communication to be immediate and even face-to-face (Jones, 2009). 2.6.4.Evolution of the Media Changes in media is another feature that causes generation gap to develop. Music, due to the increasing in technology is changing fast and new melodies are continuously released. The primary foremost apparent change among the two generations is the introduction of CD and MP3 player. Older generations grew up with records and record players. Music was not something that was freely accessible. Nowadays children have the facility of downloading songs and within minutes can listen to it in the earphones anywhere they want. This definitely ease causes the generation gap to widen. Not only have the types of melodies changed but the forms of genres also. For the older generation, the melodies of nowadays are basically noise for them, there are lack of beat and softer songs of the historical. People are obsessed on the tune of their early life, the tastes keep on varying and it is inevitable and cant be stopped. The two generations will certainly disagree on what is noble music. Because of t his, a generation gap is unavoidable. With the on-going changes in art and music, the gap will only continue to widen (Neff, 2011). 2.6.5.Fashion The way youngsters dress and appear are some of the most apparent, yet main factors in widening the generation gap. Appearances frequently reveal how one feels and their way of behaving. When the older generation was younger, they were more traditional, and it was revealed in their way of dressing. They dressed in a manner that was generally suitable at that time. The advancement of outfit displays a deliberate change from a traditional to liberal attitude. The film star heartened a movement into liberal dressing that certainly helps widening the existing generation gap. This particular change identifies a fashion choice that usually the young embrace and the old deprecate. This was the final step into varying the standards of dress. Womens evolution into freedom permitted for changes in the societal approval of this revealing show. As these values have transformed, the generation gap has only grown (Neff, 2011). 2.6.6.Attitudes The two generations adopted different attitudes. Most parents accept a straight forward expression and do not display their emotional state while interacting with their offspring. Moreover, they yell at their children more often or even give them physical punishment. These are due to the traditional practice. On the contrary, children dislike to obey their parents’ instructions as they consider that there are no reasons to support why parents’ opinions are correct. Furthermore, youngsters do not want their parents to treat them as little kids. They believe that they are grown-ups and they want to be free from parent’s control and refuse their guidelines. This helps them to achieve more self-esteem. Overall, both parents and their children do not perceive things from the same perspectives. As a result, misinterpretation is a great cause for the formation of generation gap (Kwok, 2010). 2.6.7.Communication The generation gap is considered to be one of the greatest communication failure (Aliampi, 1969). There is lack of time for communication. A majority of the parents spend less time to communicate with and listen to their children. Parents are unable to balance their time between work and family due to work overload. On the other hand, children are not sharing their day to day activities with their parents (Kwok. 2010). Social communication is moving with the fast paced nature of technological improvement (Vaterlaus, 2012). Communication channels offered by the internet are developing rapidly. Cell phone features comprise of speaking and texting which have convert into a consistent means of social communication for adolescents (Jones, 2009). Cell phone communication has become a family affair (Vaterlaus, 2012). There are less face to face conversation between parents and children, thus this causes the gap to widen. 2.6.8.Sex Sex has always been an issue on which the generations vary intensely. There are different conceptions of sex between the two generations. The way they think how to conceive are unlike. For the older generation, sex is a taboo. The young should not talk about sex and they cannot fall in love and have sex before marriage, punishment was very severe long ago. Marriage was being broken in the past because of virginity. On the contrary, for the younger generation sex is a normal activity. Sex before marriage is no more a sin for the young. This is shocking for the older generation. Teenage pregnancy was very rare before and now because of no sexual education, sex is reaching the youngsters. There is a big gap between the two generations. That gap has narrowed, but not all the time because younger generation have become more and more permissive (Smith, 2004). 2.6.9.Gifts Gifts play a key role in widening the gap between older and younger generation. The older generation were used to the custom of giving monetary gifts to the young (Nguyen, 2008). But today there is a big gap, gifts should be offered according to the demand of the young, they prefer gadgets. Younger generations of nowadays expect IPhone, IPad, mobile phones and laptops (Waterlow, 2012). When older generations are unable to accomplish the desires of the young, they have a sense of unfulfilment because the gift is not according to the social norm. The difference in utility value of a gift is enormous. The older generation’s concept of utility is quite opposed to the young. The older generation views utility of gift in terms of time associated to solidity and absolutism. The young has been brought up to consider gifts as something which are passing fads. 2.7.Summary This chapter has dealt with the idea of generation gap which is a universal phenomenon existing since time immemorial. Each period of human history has witness the causes of generation gap and tried to explain today we are perhaps most up to bring a clear explanation and have a better understanding about Generation Gap.

Private Prisons Negativly Impact State and Local Governments Essay

Private prisons have a negative effect on states and local governments. Unfortunately, the number of private prisons has been increasing since their inception in 1983 causing further problems. For-profit prisons offer no real benefits and are bad investments for states. Furthermore, private prisons beleaguer communities with high turnover rates that hurt local economies. The demands of these institutions put an excessive burden on the local community’s infrastructure. Similarly, private prisons strain the county and city legal systems. More often than not, spin-off industries and economic benefits promised by the for-profit correction industry fail to appear. Additionally, private prisons are allowed to cherry pick the least expensive inmates, leaving the more expensive inmates for the state. A number of studies financed by the private prison industry give the misconception that they save states money. More importantly, the need to make a profit is an incentive for private pri son industry officials to engage in nefarious activities. Private prisons are correctional institutions ran by for-profit corporations. They claim to cost less than prisons ran by the state, while offering the same level of service. In fact, the Corrections Corporation of America, one of the largest for-profit prison corporations, states that their business strategy is to provide quality corrections service while offering a better value to their government partners at the same time making a profit (CCA 2010). However, opponents of private prisons say they do not save states money because of their hidden cost. At any rate, more than a few states have found private prisons to be advantageous. For one reason, many states are facing massive deficits and are l... ...e-new-american-gold-mine/>. Setti, Christopher. "Prisons and Their Effect on Local Economies: The Colorado Experience." University of Colorado, Denver 2001st ser. XLVII.3 (2001): 1-9. Print. Shapiro, David. Banking on Bondage: Private Prisons and Mass Incarceration. Rep. New York: American Civil Liberties Union, 2011. Print. Smith, Abbe. "Undue Process." The New York Times 31 Mar. 2013: BR21. Print. Urbina, Ian. "Despite Red Flags About Judges, A Kickback Scheme Flourished." The New York Times 28 Mar. 2009: A1. Print. Wilder, Forrest. "Jailbait." TexasObserver.org. 20 Oct. 2006. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. . Yeoman, Barry. "Steel Town Lockdown." Mother Jones. May-June 2000. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .

Industrial Democracy in Zimbabwe Essay

Industrial democracy has its origins in the theories of Kurt Lewin who strongly advocated the idea that the management of change requires full participation from those affected by change (Sambureni 2001). Sambureni further defines industrial democracy as ‘a process in which employees either directly or indirectly through their representatives, share equal power over the decision-making process which management normally reserves to itself’. Industrial democracy is also defined as ‘an arrangement which involves workers making decisions, sharing responsibility and authority in the workplace (www.wikipedia.org ).As can be deduced from the above definitions, the essential feature of industrial democracy is that it gives employees or their representatives a share in the process of management. It is against this background that this essay will examine the view that ‘there is industrial democracy in Zimbabwe’ using practical examples from Zimbabwean enterprise s. Since the settler occupation in 1890, in the hierarchical order of Rhodesia, the Black stood at the lowest level. As an African, one was subjected to the overall system of discrimination, as a worker, one was also a victim of particularregulations which prior to the Industrial Conciliation Act of 1959, prevented African workers from participating in the determination of their conditions of service by excluding them from the definition of ‘employee’ (Maphosa, 1991). The colonialists promulgated laws that repressed and suppressed workers, most notably, the Master and Servants Act, hence, the absence of industrial democracy. Upon attainment of independence, the government of Zimbabwe implemented policies to address the racial imbalancesthat were created by the colonial administration in terms of industrial relations to promote industrial democracy in workplaces. Sachikonye (1985) propounds that the existence of a Labour Courtin Zimbabwe is clear testimony of the presence of industrial democracy in Zimbabwe. It is an appeal court for a variety of labour disputes. The Labour Courtprotects workers’ rights to the extent where some writers claim that workers in Zimbabwe are ‘over-protected’ by the law. This claim is supported by various cases, one of which is the case where Air Zimbabwe Senior Managers relieved of their duties in 2009 and took up their matter to the Labour Court were awarded one hundred thousand United States dollars exit packages for each manager. This is industrial democracy at its best though some critics may find it too harsh a ruling on the part of the employer who might face financial challenges caused by the unexpected expense and leaves the employer with no right to dismiss employees as the dismissed employees will appeal through the labour court which always rules against the employer.However, an International LabourOrganisation (ILO) audit carried out by Lovemore Madhukunotes that awards and judgements by the Labour Court are not immediately enforceable as they have to be registered with the High Court. Some reformists have suggested that the Labour Court should be made the court of final appeal in all labour matters and be empowered to enforce its own decisions.The audit also notes that there are no time limits prescribed for making judgements. This was contrasted with other countries where time limits, the most c ommon being 30 and 90 days are stipulated.In this case, justice delayed is justice denied thereby violating the principles of industrial democracy. According to the Constitution of Zimbabwe (2013), except for members of the Security Services, every person in Zimbabwe has the right to form and join Trade Unions and employee and employers’ organisations of their choice and to participate in the lawful activities of those unions and activities. The right to form or join or participate in the activities of a trade union is protected by both the Constitution of Zimbabwe and the Labour Relations Act (Madhuku, 2009). This supports the view that there is industrial democracy in Zimbabwe as it gives employee or employer organisations the right to engage in collective bargaining, organise and form and join federations of such unions and organisations. Examples of Trade unions in Zimbabwe include Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) which is the dominant central Trade Union in Zimbabwe, the Zimbabwe Teachers’ Association (ZIMTA) the largest and most influential Teachers’ organisation and the Zimbabwe Federation of Trade Unions (ZFTU) made up of professionals in labour management, disputes and tribunal settlements among others. It is notable to mention though that in practice, members of independent trade Union organisations face harassment and intimidation from government forces and it is extremely difficult for them to carry out any Trade Union activities. Although the High Court ruled in April 2002 that the ZCTU does not need permission from the police to hold private meetings, the police have continued to interfere with its meetings, for example, on January 10 2006, armed police raided ZCTU offices confiscating computer discs and files and the government claimed to have launched an investigation into allegations of financial mismanagement by trade union leaders but ZCTU President Lovemore Matombo said it was a political move to silence the union by discrediting its leadership, hence, violating the ethics of industrial democracy. The enactment of the Labour Relations Act of 1985 in Zimbabwe bears witness to the presence of industrial democracy. The Act, according to Sambureni (2001) created a framework for the exercise of fundamental rights of workers that include termination of employment, retrenchment, dispute settlement process and HIV and AIDS regulations, unfair labour practices, minimum and maximum wages, creates a framework for collective bargaining as a source of terms and conditions of employment and also vests the dispute handling powers with the Ministry of Labour to deal with work-related disputes through mediation, conciliation and arbitration. In this case, however, one can argue that state intervention in the form of legislated minimum wages or maximum salaries has in part contributed to ineffectual worker participation in managerial decision making. In some sectors, for example the Apex Council of Public Sector Unions, the Public Service ministry set parameters within which salary increases ca n be negotiated. Such parameters constitute limits to the nature and extent of both management decision-making and workers participation in it, and hence, limits the values of industrial democracy. Another indicator by the government of Zimbabwe to promote industrial democracy is the right of workers to be represented at a disciplinary hearing, which is a fundamental principle of natural justice (Kanyenze, 2001). Section (4) (b) of Statutory Instrument 15 of 2006 entitles an employee appearing before the employer or disciplinary authority to be represented by either a fellow employee, Workers’ Committee member, Trade Union official or Legal Practitioner. All company codes of conduct and National Employment Council codes in Zimbabwe provide for the right to representation in their procedures. In the case of Vice Chancellor, University of Zimbabwe vsMutasa (1993) which involved the expulsion of three students from the University of Zimbabwe, the issue of legal representation was dealt with. However, in Minerals Marketing Corporation of Zimbabwe (MMCZ) vs John Mazvimavi (SC295/95), former Justice Anthony Gubbay left the right to legal representation as an open question as the labour Tribunal had ruled that MMCZs refusal to permit John Mazvimavi to be legally represented amounted to a violation of the principles on natural justice and the main beliefs of industrial democracy. As regards discrimination, the Labour Relations Act of Zimbabwe stipulates that no employer or person shall discriminate against any employee or prospective employee on grounds of race, tribe, place of origin, political opinion, colour, creed or sex in relation to the advertisement of employment, recruitment for employment, creation or abolition of jobs, the choice of persons for jobs or posts, training advancement, apprenticeships, transfer, promotion or retrenchment and any other matter related to employment. This clearly confirms the view that there is industrial democracy in Zimbabwe. However, cases of discrimination on grounds of one’s HIV status still exist in the Army, Health sector and the Civil Aviation Authority of Zimbabwe were employees are expected to undergo HIV tests periodically and these have a bearing on the working conditions of the employee. If the employee is found to be HIV positive, then some of their duties and responsibilities may be scrapped off their job description. It has been stated by a leading labour lawyer that, ‘There can be no equilibrium in industrial relations without a freedom to strike’ (Madhuku, 2009). In protecting that freedom, the law protects the legitimate expectations of workers that they can make use of their collective power. The new Zimbabwe constitution has a bill of rights that gives unconditional rights to strike by employees.The right to strike cannot be separated from collective bargaining as strikes are only justifiable for purposes of maintaining equilibrium in labour relations, that is, for collective bargaining purposes. In this regard, one can safely say that there is industrial democracy in Zimbabwe. However, although the Labour Relations Act recognises the right to strike, there are many procedural hurdles, including the fact that more than 50 percent of the employees must vote for a strike, followed by a 30 day conciliation period and possible referral to binding arbitration and then a 14 day advance notice period (Kanyenze, 2011). The sum effect of these delaying tactics is that it is practically impossible to organise a legal strike. In Zimbabwe Teachers Association and Others vs Minister of Education and Culture, government’s purported dismissal of striking teachers who had defied its orders to return to work was held by the High Court to be unlawful as the dismissed Teachers had not been given an opportunity to be heard. In conclusion, the essay has highlighted some evidence of industrial democracy in Zimbabwean enterprises, though the cases are not exhaustive as issues to do with amendments to the new constitution, National Employment Council and notice of hearing within 48 hours have not been discussed. The essay has also highlighted some cases where industrial democracy is compromised, for example issues to do with the right to strike and determination of minimum wages. One can therefore conclude that industrial democracy partially exists in Zimbabwe. REFERENCES Kanyenze, G. (2011) Beyond the enclave: Towards a pro-poor and inclusive development strategy for Zimbabwe, African Books Collective Madhuku, L, and Sambureni, N, T., Labour Law (Zimbabwe Open University Module Maphosa, G, J., (1991) Industrial democracy in Zimbabwe?Zambezia Sachikonye, L, M., (1985) Labour Legislation in Zimbabwe: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives Sambureni, N, T. (2001) Industrial and Labour Relations www.wikipedia.org

Daily Telegraph Essay Example

Daily Telegraph Essay Example Daily Telegraph Essay Daily Telegraph Essay I have read a broadsheet article and a tabloid article on smacking, the broadsheet is the Daily Telegraph and the tabloid the Daily Mirror I will compare them both and write how effectively they present the issue of smacking. People likely to be reading a broadsheet will be the more educated people in the community who have a greater understanding and people likely to be reading the tabloid will be the slightly less educated people.The Daily Telegraph uses a heading that has the word urged, which is a suggestion not an instruction therefore is the issue very serious? It also says smack children, which gives no suggestion of excessive violence. This article uses statistics to try and show the seriousness of the problem it says 9 out of 10 parents thought mild corporal punishment was acceptable, they say 9 out of 10 because it makes you think and it sounds more than 90%. Using these statistics only considers the parents view it also does not specify what mild, means. These statistics are also only taken from a newspaper poll they are not government published results.The newspaper uses celebrities like Esther Rantzen and she says she regretted hitting her children because they did not get close to her she also says that her parents hit her and she rebelled against them and now she is a television presenter, so has smacking done her any harm. The paper also quotes Peter Dawson from the professional association of teachers who says his daughters were grateful, for him smacking them. He also says, if a small child is crawling towards the fire you should give them a good smack, which is a common sense example. Good smack, suggests the seriousness of the situation, but it does not specify what a GOOD smack, is .This comment is strategically placed at the end of the article so it is the bit you go away and remember and who could argue with a comment like that? The paper also uses a quote from the NSPCC who are experts on children and they believe that smacking can easily escalate into violent abuse, but I feel that they have made it a subjective matter because it is not an actual fact. The paper also tries to make the article balanced by asking teachers what they think and they say it is nonsense, to say that smacking can easily lead to violent abuse. This would reassure readers because teachers spend a lot of time with children often more time than parents and they are an authority figure so they should know what they are talking about.A pressure group called family and youth concern say it is just another attack on parental rights. Which could mean that parents have a right to hit their ch ildren. The paper also describes a leaflet, which says there are new ways of encouraging, parents to stop hitting their children but the wording is weak and suggests that the problem is minor. The newspaper quotes Penelope Leach who is against smacking and she asks parents not to smack their children for a week and then you will see the difference.The Daily Mirror is the second paper with an article on smacking I have read. This paper is a tabloid and is aimed at the less educated people in society it uses smaller more common and understandable words. This paper has a photo of two children which creates an immediate emotive response and it immediately contrasts to the broadsheet which has no photograph they leave it to your imagination.The children look fairly well dressed but they are bruised and cut, they look sad and the fact that they are well dressed shows that not only lower class children get beaten. The caption, which is written in bold type immediately, draws your attention to it. The caption says hands off, which is a very confrontational tone to create an emotive response. It also says mum or dad, which shows that either parent can beat their child the most extreme line used in the caption is violent nightmare, which shows the extremes of the abuse these children are facing. The caption also states that even younger, children get beaten than those in the photo who are about nine years old.The headline seems to be more effective than the broadsheet headline it says pressure growing, which is more immediate and of greater concern. The article is written by Roger Todd, who does not have a title unlike the writer of the broadsheet article, this could be because the issue is more important than the person who writes it. The article starts with a conversational tone which is in no way threatening and so draws the audience in but by paragraph three the tone becomes more serious as the paragraph ends with it is deadly serious, deadly, hints at the violence to come later on in the article and so keeps readers interested. In paragraph four the paper introduces a pressure group, called EPOCH, much like the broadsheet does, pressure group, suggests that the group is highly organised because it has to be because the problem is so wide spread.The article goes on to say that the department of health is spending 200,000 on a study of child beating, this is a lot of money and so suggests there is a big problem and the Telegraph informs its readers of this. The article also says the Scottish law commission has probed, the issue suggesting a detailed examination. The paper also tries to lay the blame on the parents if they have naughty children, it says a child who behaves unspeakably, in a shop for example is likely to be bribed, by its parents to shut up so it knows that if it is naughty it will get something, whereas a well behaved child does not get anything and seems to be ignored. In paragraph thirty the paper highlights injustice for some children, which questions whether parents who are teaching the child right from wrong actually recognises the difference themselves. In paragraph thirty-one a system of praise and reward is written about and claims to have children eating out of your hand. This paper seems to offer more help to parent readers by giving advice unlike the Telegraph. The Mirror even offers a helpline to parents in need of advice on handling their children.Overall I think the Daily Mirrors article is more effective because it uses more violent language which makes the reader read on and also makes the reader more emotional about smacking and should convince them that smacking is wrong. The Mirror is a bit sensationalist because it goes a bit over the top. The Mirror is more for the children and biased towards them whereas the Telegraph is more balanced but cleverly creeps over to being against smacking. The Telegraph provides a broader look at smacking and uses a slightly less violent tone without redu cing the seriousness of the article. So overall I think the Mirror is more effective but the Telegraph provides a more balanced and broader look at the situation.

Free Essays on War And Media

Blood flows freely from the fresh wounds on the child’s chest, as ill equipped doctors rush to save the fleeting life of an innocent. Dabbing the wounds and suturing them as best as possible, the medics pray that time is on their side. The child convulses with the intolerable pain and as the seconds tick away slowly, he closes his eyes and gasps one final breath; despite the best efforts of the doctors, another life is forever lost. This is the scene observed on Al-Jazeera, a Middle East news channel. FAIR, a worldwide news organization formed for objective and accurate journalism and discussing false or incomplete news stories, reported that a HARM or Paveway missile slammed into a crowded market, on March 28, in the Shuala section of Baghdad, killing over 60 people (â€Å"Stray missile kills many in crowded market,† 2003). Evidence was compiled by a British journalist, Robert Fisk in the London Independent, showing that the missile belonged to the coalition force s. The same incident was reported in New York Times â€Å"A massive explosion occurred in a crowded market in Baghdad and it was impossible to determine the cause† (â€Å"Explosion kills scores in Baghdad market,† 2003). U.S. media have so far made little effort to investigate the Shuala incident, and continued to report it in fragmented stories, such as CBS, that picked up the military PR angle, and reported the incident to be a propaganda war to decrease support for the war. The preceding is a mere example of countless incidents of media bias and a lack of objective journalism present in our daily news coverage. Through the analysis of two significant stories; Israel and Palestine, and the current war with Iraq, as reported by the American media conglomerates of news such as those owned by Time Warner, General Electric, and Viacom Inc. and compared with the reports of European media, such as BBC and Middle East media and related newspapers and independent news orga... Free Essays on War And Media Free Essays on War And Media Blood flows freely from the fresh wounds on the child’s chest, as ill equipped doctors rush to save the fleeting life of an innocent. Dabbing the wounds and suturing them as best as possible, the medics pray that time is on their side. The child convulses with the intolerable pain and as the seconds tick away slowly, he closes his eyes and gasps one final breath; despite the best efforts of the doctors, another life is forever lost. This is the scene observed on Al-Jazeera, a Middle East news channel. FAIR, a worldwide news organization formed for objective and accurate journalism and discussing false or incomplete news stories, reported that a HARM or Paveway missile slammed into a crowded market, on March 28, in the Shuala section of Baghdad, killing over 60 people (â€Å"Stray missile kills many in crowded market,† 2003). Evidence was compiled by a British journalist, Robert Fisk in the London Independent, showing that the missile belonged to the coalition force s. The same incident was reported in New York Times â€Å"A massive explosion occurred in a crowded market in Baghdad and it was impossible to determine the cause† (â€Å"Explosion kills scores in Baghdad market,† 2003). U.S. media have so far made little effort to investigate the Shuala incident, and continued to report it in fragmented stories, such as CBS, that picked up the military PR angle, and reported the incident to be a propaganda war to decrease support for the war. The preceding is a mere example of countless incidents of media bias and a lack of objective journalism present in our daily news coverage. Through the analysis of two significant stories; Israel and Palestine, and the current war with Iraq, as reported by the American media conglomerates of news such as those owned by Time Warner, General Electric, and Viacom Inc. and compared with the reports of European media, such as BBC and Middle East media and related newspapers and independent news orga...

The Role of Political Parties in the American Democratic Article

The Role of Political Parties in the American Democratic - Article Example The two main political parties in the U.S (Republican and Democrat) support their candidates to contest the elections with only one objective; winning the election. The choice of the candidate that the party supports is determined by the issues and agendas presented by the candidate. Given the competitiveness of the electoral process, the party goes for those candidates whose manifestos are consistent with the party’s (Maisel 45). Therefore, candidates supporting real issues such as economic stabilization, job creation, affordable healthcare, infrastructural development, increases education access, and insecurity/terrorism are supported by the party. The party design strategies for supporting its preferred candidates during the campaign. During the campaign, the party organizes for a campaign team charged with the responsibility of mobilizing voters and financial support to the party’s preferred candidate (Maisel 67). It is this campaign committee that works on the camp aign strategies and identifying the strong holds of their competitors. Voter mobilization is prioritized in the campaign strategies. The party uses all possible avenues of reaching out to potential voters (Maisel 77-8). Social networks and social sites such as face-book, twitter, and other online platforms are used in mobilizing voters. Realization of social network campaign calls for adequate financial resource allocation and mobilization. The resources for the campaign are internally and externally sources.

Fashion Business and Family Dynasties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fashion Business and Family Dynasties - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Business and Family Dynasties" discovers the business and families of Hermes and Louis Vuitton. Hermes has been associated with the most wonderful luxury brands and is related to the category of women’s handbags, perfumes and jewelries. Hermes is one of the oldest firms in France that has been owned and managed by the family of Hermes. Thierry Hermes is the founder of the Hermes Group. Until 2004, the business of Hermes had been controlled and managed by the family members of Hermes. The family owned group had controlled the family stake and had shown efficient leadership to retain control over the strategic decision of the business within the family. During the period of 1978 to 2004, the Hermes Group was managed under the leadership of Jean-Louis Dumas who was the great-grandson of Hermes. In the year 2006, Jean-Louis Dumas had passed away and Patrick Thomas became the manager in Hermes. He was the ‘first non-family manager’ in Hermes in their entire history of business operations. Patrick Thomas became the first CEO of Hermes but the control was with the family members of Hermes and they retained the control to maintain the family heritage of the business. Hermes is basically known as the bag and scarf maker. They have by no means aggressively pursued any kind off strategy to develop as a luxury conglomerate and constantly remained strong in their individual space of operations. Louis Vuitton is a French based company that deals with fashionable merchandizes. ... family members of Hermes and they retained the control to maintain the family heritage of the business (Bhalla, â€Å"Disintegrating Family Firm: How Well Are You Prepared For the Ultimate†). Hermes is basically known as the bag and scarf maker. They have by no means aggressively pursued any kind off strategy to develop as a luxury conglomerate and constantly remained strong in their individual space of operations (Elite Choice, â€Å"Louis Vuitton Claims to be a Long Term Shareholder of Hermes, Raises Stake to 20%†). Louis Vuitton (Family & Business) Louis Vuitton is a French based company that deals with fashionable merchandizes. Louis Vuitton was established by the founder Louis Vuitton in the year 1854. It deals in the luxury merchandizes (Louis Vuitton, â€Å"About Us†). The Louis Vuitton brand had been famous for its LV logo that features upon most of the merchandizes of Louis Vuitton ranging from luxury chests and leather merchandize to shoes, ready-to-wea r merchandizes, accessories, books, sunglasses, watches and jewellery. Louis Vuitton is known as the leading fashion house in the international market. The merchandizes of Louis Vuitton are sold through the model of standalone boutiques, e-commerce application and lease departments that are departmental stores which represent high-end values (Louis Vuitton. â€Å"The World of Louis Vuitton†). Louis Vuitton and family have managed their entire business in the world. They started in Paris and slowly gained acceptance due to their skillful work. Louis Vuitton had developed the brand uniquely as there was duplication of the products especially in the leather bags category for travelers. After the demise of Louis Vuitton, his son Georges Vuitton controlled the business and managed all its activities. Georges Vuitton

HumanDocuments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HumanDocuments - Essay Example The introduction of cotton produced a positive effect which completely changed the highly agricultural population towards becoming a manufacturing community. Significant transformations within the society became notable and the social setting was transformed through the way individuals behave within the society (Guest, 28). Traditionally majority of the population within this region relied on arable farming to produce food for their households and any surplus would be sold. The modern day township of Manchester has become inhabited by highly industrious individuals (Kay, 44) The society within the region was comprised of individuals who upheld and believed in the high moral standards as a way of life (Guest, 26). The settlement of disputes, which rarely occurred was undertaken by clergymen, whose authority was unquestionable (Guest, 26). The harmony which existed within the community surrounding the region had since been lost and the society had become highly permissive (Guest, 27). Social norms were observed by all the members of the society, an aspect which enhanced the peace and tranquillity of the region (Kay, 45). The society could be described as having been highly religious as the observation of religious virtues was considered a mandatory aspect of human livelihood. The dress code of the people could testify to the religious beliefs upheld by the people (Tignor et al., 583). Events occurring in relation to the introduction of cotton resulted in an overall transformation of the society and this caused the people to move away for their beloved s ocial norms to other secular behaviours (Kay, 45; Guest, 27). According to Guest, farmers within the regions were content with their traditional and cultural responsibilities and showed little support for transformations occurring within the society (Guest, 27). Men worked and provided for their families and were heavily dependent on their families for social and

Paul Stultz Essay Example for Free

Paul Stultz Essay Paul Stultz, a character who has always admired me not as an individual but as a code that has the hidden formula that makes up a successful person. Mr. Stultz with his attractive traits which circles around self-motivation and persuasive attitude towards the core values, A Professional teacher and Sales Manager, he has un matched skills in both the fields. With vast experience in areas of telecommunications and a proven record in planning, management, and leadership he stand as an example that always continue to impress every bit of my existence and defines my approach on a idealistic character. The habit of always thinking out of the box has polished his abilities as an innovative thinker and effectual problem-solver who can see the big picture. During the nineties, the knowledge explosion created an exponential increase in the complexities of doing business. As mentioned his ability to predict future prospects and then set in motion to achieve them has always been thr trait that has made him stand tall among the fellows who surrounds him. Forecasting the influences of new technologies on our organization, our customers, and the marketplace with trivestiture, he identified the human factors, technology gap. Profoundly he tasked us with analyzing the systems our clients had and what would be needed to transition through the millennium change over which eventually set the grounds for developing the best possible mix which was beneficial not even for a shorter but a longer run as well. In addition, he adapts quickly to challenges and interacts effectively with all levels of business management he has the consult and tell approach and that is the key to his never ending goodwill. Finally, he is committed to professional excellence with a high level of integrity with all business interactions internal and external. Mr. Stultz’s leadership actions and skills Basics of an efficient sales person are driven by the personal persona and the ideal blend of skills and venom towards goal attainment. Mr. Stultz’s has the following note worthy traits that has made him the revenue machine for the organization on the whole. 1. Initiated contact with senior decision-makers and maintained open communication channels that were significant in cultivating sound relations with agency business leaders.  Practiced self discipline in terms of ethical rules of conduct during all oversight of presentations and proposal submission of closing high-dollar volume sales of telecom services and products. 2. He supplies the purpose and meaning; provide the energy that drives a group forward. His visionary aspect of leadership is supported with his excellent communication skills that allow him to articulate his or her vision with precision and power in a compelling and persuasive way. 3.  The degree, to which the he challenges assumptions, takes risks and solicits ideas are way exceptional. Mr Stultz with this trait stimulate and encourage creativity in their followers and analyzes the pros and cons of system solution architecture. Oversees and participates in cross functional innovation teams and conscientiously attentive to details and big picture interactions. Reconciled all interoperability and time line issues to exact accountability to the team member for the account, maximizing team achievement to president’s club three out of five years. 4. Expected team members copiously to write root cause analysis of problem and cause and effect problem solution. I n turn, he and the team interfaced with product house for service requirements, reconciled billing disputes to contracted amounts. Effective accountability of ethics in compliance of proposal response and performance of the award, Senior Vice President of Government Markets was impeccable in the senate hearings for the Census 2000 and thus concurrence with congress for best in class vendor. 5.  The inspirational leader that he is, one who can instill passion and direction to a group of individuals requires an understanding of how the psychology of a group affects the members of the group. He listens to team members, technical lead myself to hold major partners accountable for the mandated requirements and backup contingency plans for major components of proposed solution. Acted as advisor mentor to my design team and held firm the ethical while seeking clarification on all aspects of implementation schedules and performances. Spearheaded all executive presentations given to the legislature informing upper management and product house of the steps and successes. Description of how the leader’s environment shaped his or her leadership practice and style Mr. Stultz is a magnetic transformational leader who injects huge doses of eagerness into his team and gives them the venom that is very much required to achieve goals. He is very energetic in driving innovations and giving new lines of thinking of system product solutions. This can create a synergetic solution to solve a problem and empower team participant in order to have cohesive leadership should he have to leave or be moved to another division (Burns, 1978, p. 79). The belief that the most important resource that an organization possesses is the people that comprise the organization, some organizations address the development of these resources, Burns characterizes transformational leadership as a style that motivates followers by appealing to higher ideals and moral values which eventually makes the individual grow not only as a professional but as an individual as well. Mr. Stultz adopted the transformational style because of the high level and sensitive nature of his work with huge corporations and the government while being a Colonel with the Army National Guard. The degree to which the leader behaves in admirable ways that cause followers to identify with the leader the bond that eventually allows the fellow employees to work out of the blue for the leaders. Charismatic leaders display convictions, take stands and appeal to followers on an emotional level. This is about the leader having a clear set of values and demonstrating them in every action, providing a role model for their followers This style includes an emotional component, which includes: qualities of transformational leadership include communication of clear vision of the organization to perform above the norm and to think outside of the box. Mr. Stultz’s degree to which he articulates a vision that is appealing and inspiring to his followers and the inspirational motivation that he injects in his employees challenge give them high standards, communicate optimism about future goals, and provide meaning for the task at hand. Technology, new innovations and the need to have the cutting edge systems demands this proactive collaborative problem solving approach to develop research and bring to market innovative products. Entwined in this leadership style is a charismatic intellectual push for excellence with emotional ties to the leaders mission. Perception of the leader by the followers is key to the adoption of the leaders values. Current statistics show state that 90% of companies are in a product innovation and service organization (O’Regan 2007). Mr. Stultz’s work environment shaped this democratic approach because, as a person from a large family, he had learned to depend on new ideas coming from other people, he has always been a firm believer of a win win approach where the employee always tend to feel that he is not there just to earn revenue for the company but consider himself as the back bone of the organization, he basically promotes bottom to top approach where he himself with his intellectual sound knowledge creates the win win situation for all. He knows that good ideas come from all over an organization and is not too proud to try someone else’s ideas; and he is more than willing to give credit to those who innovate the ideas. Burns (1978) discusses how leaders’ influence on their subordinates is â€Å"based on their shared sense of what is important, worth doing well, and expending energy on it† (p. 79). One of the hallmarks of Mr. Stultz’s leadership is his high moral ethics and his ability to prompt team members to reach beyond their comfort zone to achieve superior goal attainment things. As demonstrated earlier in this paper, Mr.  Stultz and his team have successfully negotiated huge contracts and accomplished exceptional goals with this leadership formula. Regarding Mr. Stultz’s environment, the increasing dependence on information technology in the business arena and globalization realities have led to an increased focus on performance metrics over the past 15 years. His ability to forecast the future and adopting to the ever changing situation along with his adaptation with new technologies has always kept him with track records of achieving all that seemed impossible before him. Companies are making radical and fundamental changes to the way in which they conduct business to meet customer needs, stay competitive and position themselves in the technical revolution his idea of customer satisfaction is basis of bringing more business then by promoting services through advertisements has led to more cash inflows then ever before. Leaders such as Mr. Stultz have revised their strategies, restructuring their organizations and redesigning their business processes to meet these new challenges. New possibilities are emerging which already show a powerful impact on meeting innovative solutions to achieve cutting edge success of clients and this contribution brings the synergy and financial growth of the sales team (O’Regan 2007). How this person influenced your personal leadership style My experience and success is due to my emulation of Mr. Stultzs management style, and his mentoring of me during my association with him. After working for Mr.  Stultz, I acquired a repertoire of leadership and organizational skills that I have found to be crucial to my personal success he made me digest the moxt complex ways of handling humans with just a simple formula of †giving importance† the basic want of humans I have learned that a true leader inspires his or her team constantly with a shared vision of the future. The degree to which he attends to each followers needs, acts as a mentor or coach to the employees and listens to the there concerns and needs. This also encompasses the need to respect and celebrate the individual contribution that each of us an make to the team (it is the diversity of the team that gives it its true strength). Transformational leaders are highly visible, and spend great deal of time communicating. While performing as the lead Technical data sales executive, my responsibilities included serving as the expert organizational catalyst activating the integrated voice / data project for the Bureau of the Census in addition to deploying the TQA and JHL programs. I was also designated to work with diverse personalities productively of internal/external technical groups to ensure that the technical, product house and industry partner issues were addressed properly. My responsibilities also focused on scrutinizing various interoperability protocols to prevent a myriad of potential problems and subsequently initiating guidelines for preventive action that would circumvent malfunctions and defects. As a consequence, I initiated a mosaic of complex solutions throughout the entire project and managed the on time project timeline processes to ensure the Implementation Team’s successful partner link with multi industries for census 2000 two toll free networks. I also used transformational motivational persuasion and skills propose, win and negotiate web services for the SSA White House Initiative, Seniors. gov. I initiated negotiations with support of my executive team and compiled the design and developed an array of complex reliability and disaster recovery network solution and implementation timelines to track and deliver the project in a timely manner in compliance with preset White House requirements. My innovative solution was picked ahead of other higher-ranking bids for my ability to â€Å"see the big picture† while managing the interoperability details for seamless integration of services. Mr. Stultz emphasized the need to be clear and concise in negotiating with client, operations and product development. He provided feedback to empower me in developing PowerPoint presentations and concise meeting minutes to illustrate complex, abstract award requirements that in turn were modified as executive briefings. Timely communication to key stakeholders, both internal and external, required disciplined ethical leadership skills to maintain high standards and sensitivity to political situations inside and outside the company I gained confidence to lead team members cross functionally to feel in control of their own destiny, such as the promotion they desire, and achieve technical excellence certifications and thus they are motivated to work hard by more than just a financial reward. As innovation takes time, this approach led to presidents club and vendor of the year for three out of five years and our results were best in class (Burns, 1978, p. 78). The approach can be most suitable where team working is essential, and quality is important to have speed to market and productivity while making profit (Burns, 1978). The main skill set I have learned from Mr.  Stutz’s mentoring is that a comprehensive transformational leadership requires emotional synergy which carries over into customer satisfaction and the employees model service and work above normal job objectives to excel (Densten, Iain, 2006). His persuasive nature has made me learn the tactics that are there to efficiently manage a chunk of individuals and make them perform to their outmost with a motive of supporting there leader rather then with a motive to secure there jobs. Once products are innovated, I have learned behavior that mirrors a continuum between transactional and transformational. A marriage between mature products and active transactional leadership is balanced while transformational beta product development leads the organization to future innovations. Honoring confidentiality, handling situations appropriately and with discretion my transfomational leadership has successfully achieved the financial, emotional technical, and quality health of the leaders, peers, followers and customers (Brymer, 2006).